Menene electrocardiogram?

Membran myocardial cell membrane ne mai Semi-permeable membrane.Lokacin hutawa, ana shirya takamaiman adadin ingantattun cations a waje da membrane.An shirya adadin adadin anions mara kyau a cikin membrane, kuma yuwuwar ƙarin membrane ya fi membrane, wanda ake kira yanayin polarization.A hutawa, cardiomyocytes a kowane bangare na zuciya suna cikin yanayi mara kyau, kuma babu wani bambanci mai yuwuwa.Matsakaicin lanƙwan da mai rikodin na yanzu ya gano shi ne madaidaiciya, wanda shine madaidaicin layi na saman electrocardiogram.Lokacin da cardiomyocytes suka sami kuzari ta wani ƙarfi, haɓakar ƙwayar tantanin halitta yana canzawa kuma adadi mai yawa na cations suna kutsawa cikin membrane cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, ta yadda yuwuwar da ke cikin membrane ta canza daga korau zuwa mara kyau.Ana kiran wannan tsari depolarization.Ga dukan zuciya, yuwuwar canji na cardiomyocytes daga endocardial zuwa epicardial sequence depolarization, yuwuwar lankwasa da aka gano ta mai rikodin na yanzu ana kiransa depolarization wave, wato, P wave da ventricle na atrium akan farfajiyar electrocardiogram QRS.Bayan an cire tantanin halitta gaba ɗaya, ƙwayar tantanin halitta tana fitar da adadi mai yawa na cations, yana haifar da yuwuwar a cikin membrane don canzawa daga tabbatacce zuwa mara kyau kuma ya dawo zuwa asalin polarization na asali.Ana yin wannan tsari ta hanyar epicardium zuwa endocardium, wanda ake kira repolarization.Hakazalika, yuwuwar canjin yayin sake dawo da cardiomyocytes an kwatanta ta mai rikodin na yanzu azaman igiyar igiya.Tun da tsarin repolarization yana da ɗan jinkirin jinkirin, raƙuman repolarization ya fi ƙasa da raƙuman ƙaddamarwa.Electrocardiogram na atrium yana da ƙasa a cikin igiyar ruwa kuma an binne shi a cikin ventricle.Kalaman polar na ventricle yana bayyana azaman T a saman electrocardiogram.Bayan da aka sake dawo da dukkanin cardiomyocytes, an sake dawo da yanayin polarization.Babu wani bambanci mai yuwuwa tsakanin sel myocardial a kowane bangare, kuma an yi rikodin na'urar lantarki ta saman zuwa layin daidaitacce.

Zuciya tsari ce mai girma uku.Don nuna aikin lantarki na sassa daban-daban na zuciya, ana sanya na'urorin lantarki a sassa daban-daban na jiki don yin rikodin da kuma nuna ayyukan wutar lantarki na zuciya.A cikin na'urorin lantarki na yau da kullun, na'urorin lantarki na gubar hannu guda 4 kawai da V1 zuwa V66 na gubar thoracic yawanci ana sanya su, kuma ana yin rikodin na'urar lantarki mai gubar guda 12 na al'ada.Ana samar da gubar daban-daban tsakanin na'urorin lantarki guda biyu ko tsakanin wutar lantarki da ƙarshen yuwuwar ta tsakiya kuma an haɗa shi da ingantattun sanduna mara kyau da mara kyau na electrocardiograph galvanometer ta hanyar wayar gubar don yin rikodin ayyukan lantarki na zuciya.An samar da gubar mai bipolar tsakanin wayoyin lantarki guda biyu, gubar guda ɗaya ce sandar sanda mai kyau sannan ɗayan gubar kuma itace mara kyau.Jagorar gaɓoɓin bipolar sun haɗa da I gubar, II gubar da na III gubar;An samar da gubar monopolar tsakanin wutar lantarki da ƙarshen yuwuwar ta tsakiya, inda injin ganowa shine tabbataccen sandar sanda kuma ƙarshen yuwuwar ƙarshen shine mafi ƙarancin iyaka.Ƙarshen wutar lantarki shine yuwuwar bambance-bambancen da aka rubuta a madaidaicin lantarki ya yi ƙanƙanta, don haka maƙasudin wutar lantarki shine maƙasudin jimlar ƙarfin jagororin sauran gaɓoɓin biyu ban da na'urar bincike.

Electrocardiogram yana yin rikodin lanƙwan ƙarfin lantarki akan lokaci.Ana yin rikodin electrocardiogram akan takarda mai daidaitawa, kuma takardar haɗin gwiwar ta ƙunshi ƙananan ƙwayoyin sel na faɗin 1 mm da 1 mm tsayi.Abscissa yana wakiltar lokaci kuma ordinate yana wakiltar ƙarfin lantarki.Yawancin lokaci ana rubutawa a saurin takarda 25mm/s, 1 ƙaramin grid = 1mm = 0.04 seconds.Ƙarfin wutar lantarki shine ƙaramar grid 1 = 1 mm = 0.1 mv.Hanyoyin auna na axis electrocardiogram sun haɗa da hanyar gani, hanyar taswira, da hanyar duba tebur.Zuciya tana samar da nau'ikan galvanic vector vector daban-daban a cikin aiwatar da ɓarna da sake dawo da su.Ma'aurata galvanic vectors a cikin kwatance daban-daban an haɗa su zuwa vector don samar da hadedde vector ECG na dukan zuciya.Zuciyar vector vector ce mai girma uku tare da jirage na gaba, sagittal, da a kwance.Abin da aka fi amfani da shi a asibiti shine alkiblar ɓangarori na ɓarna da aka yi hasashe akan jirgin gaba na gaba yayin ɓarnawar ventricular.Taimako don sanin ko aikin wutar lantarki na zuciya al'ada ne.

 


Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-24-2021